SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Wandel, Jurgen.

The paper provides an overview of the institutional arrangements on the micro level that have evolved in the agro-food sector of Kazakhstan in the course of transition. Emphasis is laid on more complex arrangements like "agroholdings" and "clusters", hitherto mostly unknown in the agro-food sectors of established market economies. It is shown that "agroholdings" are concentrated mainly in the northern part of Kazakhstan and to a large extent in the grain sector, while in the south a scattered small scale (individual) farm structure has emerged. Parallel to this market-driven development, the Kazakhstani government tries to promote other institutional arrangements that it deems to be of superior competitiveness, especially agro-food clusters. Refering to...

Changing Patterns of Livestock, Meat, and Dairy Marketing in Post-Communist Kazakhstan

Palavras-chave: Agroholdings; Cluster; Kazakhstan; Agricultural policy; Institutional change; Agroholdings; Cluster; Kasachstan; Agrarpolitik; Institutioneller Wandel.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q13; Q18; L 22.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91766

Esenova, Saulesh; Dobson, William D..

This Discussion Paper describes the challenges associated with marketing livestock, meat, milk, and dairy products in Post-Communist Kazakhstan. A major finding is that Food Master, a joint venture between Developed Technologies, Inc. of the US and Ak-Bulak, Ltd. of Kazakhstan, achieved profits and large market shares in the fluid milk business in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. Food Master's milk procurement practices also changed the structure of the dairy business in Kazakhstan's Almaty region and provided a model for slowing the downward spiral in milk production in Kazakhstan. The study contains lessons for other agribusinesses wishing to form joint ventures in Post-Communist Central Asia.

Comparison of the Investment Behavior of German and Kazakhstani Farmers: an Experimental Approach

Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Marketing in Kazakhstan; Post-Communism; Food Master; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37659

Tubetov, Dulat; Maart, Syster Christin; Musshoff, Oliver.

Revised April 2012

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Experimental Economics; Investment Timing; Real Options; Kazakhstan; Germany; Agricultural Finance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; C91; D03; D81; D92.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122422

Crop insurance market development in a transition economy: The case of Kazakhstan

Heidelbach, Olaf; Bokusheva, Raushan.

We analyze the current state and future requirements of an agricultural income stabilization mechanism in a transition country – namely, the crop insurance system in Kazakhstan. Three objectives will be pursued: First, factors influencing the development of the crop insurance market will be identified. Second, insurance’s capabilities to efficiently stabilize income under transition circumstances will be evaluated. Finally, recommendations for developing crop insurance as an effective income stabilization tool will be provided. Results indicate that the prevailing institutional framework for establishing a sustainable crop insurance system is rather weak, and available insurance products are not preventing the problem of asymmetric information to a...

Developing Poverty Assessment Tools Based on Principal Component Analysis: Results from Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Uganda, and Peru

Palavras-chave: Risk-management; Crop insurance; Institutions; Mathematical programming; Kazakhstan; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; D82; G22; Q14.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51614

Zeller, Manfred; Houssou, Nazaire; Alcaraz V., Gabriela; Schwarze, Stefan; Johannsen, Julia.

Developing accurate, yet operational poverty assessment tools to target the poorest households remains a challenge for applied policy research. This paper aims to develop poverty assessment tools for four countries: Bangladesh, Peru, Uganda, and Kazakhstan. The research applies the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to seek the best set of variables that predict the household poverty status using easily measurable socio-economic indicators. Out of sample validations tests are performed to assess the prediction power of a tool. Finally, the PCA results are compared with those obtained from regressions models. In-sample estimation results suggest that the Quantile regression technique is the first best method in all four countries, except Kazakhstan. The PCA...

Doing Business in an Industry With Difficult Economics - Food Master's Experience in Dairy Processing and Marketing in Kazakhstan

Palavras-chave: Poverty assessment; Targeting; Principal component analysis; Bangladesh; Peru; Kazakhstan; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty; H5; Q14; I3.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25396

Esenova, Saulesh; Dobson, William D..

Food Master, a U.S.-based firm with dairy processing and marketing investments in Kazakstan, has found itself in an industry with difficult economics. Despite having excellent top management and doing many things correctly, this firm lost money in 1999 and was forced to restructure. While positive developments emerged for the firm in 2000 and 2001, the firm's long-run profit prospects remain uncertain. The challenges facing the firm and government agencies attempting to foster investment in Kazakhstan's dairy industry include shortages of quality milk, shortages of farm and agribusiness credit at acceptable terms, limited numbers of qualified mid-level and lower-level managers, and pervasive corruption. This study of Food Master's experience in Kazakhstan...

Efficiency of Selected Risk Management Instruments - An Empirical Analysis of Risk Reduction in Kazakhstani Crop Production

Palavras-chave: Food Master; Kazakhstan; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37656

Heidelbach, Olaf.

Recent academic discussion regarding crop insurance in developing and transition countries has focused on weather index insurance. But empirical analyses of such schemes based on farm level data cannot be found in the literature, though this insurance type shows clear advantages compared to multiple-peril crop insurance and revenue insurance. Recent empirical applications of risk and stochastic programming models focus on the optimisation of production planning, while literature on the effects of crop insurance on the farm level mainly focuses on the empirical investigation of reductions in farm income variance. The novelty of this paper is that it integrates regionally-adapted insurance products and expert-evaluated technology choices into a programming...

EX ANTE EVALUATION OF INDEX-BASED CROP INSURANCE EFFECTIVENESS

Palavras-chave: Risk; Risk management; Insurance; Agriculture; Kazakhstan; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q14; G22; D82.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25243

Bokusheva, Raushan; Breustedt, Gunnar.

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of several index-based crop insurance schemes by comparing results from two alternative evaluation approaches. We apply the common ex post approach from the literature by specifying and evaluating insurance contracts by means of the data for the same historical period. We introduce an ex ante evaluation approach by distinguishing between two consecutive periods in the available time series: the first period is used for determining insurance parameters and optimal number of farmer’s insurance contracts; and the subsequent one is considered for the evaluation of the risk reduction due to the insurance contract defined as in the first period. Our empirical results based on the data for 40 grain producers in Kazakhstan...

INTERREGIONAL INTEGRATION OF WHEAT MARKETS IN KAZAKHSTAN

Palavras-chave: Ex ante analysis; Index-based crop insurance; Weather-based index insurance; Kazakhstan; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43957

Brosig, Stephan; Yakhshilikov, Yorbol.

Reliable marketing opportunities in both interregional and international trade along with relatively low transportation [and transaction] costs are essential to profitability of wheat production. In this study we have investigated one aspect of the quality of marketing and trade opportunities in the Kazakh wheat sector, that is the extent and nature of integration among regional wheat markets. We applied threshold cointegration technique to assess the co-movement between time series of elevator prices at three grain-trading (and producing) spots in the northern and central parts of the country. Results suggest that markets of two northern grain trading spots (Petropavlovsk and Kokshetau) are closely connected with each other while their connection with...

Locust Control in Transition: The Loss and Reinvention of Collective Action in Post-Soviet Kazakhstan

Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Price transmission; Market integration; Threshold cointegration; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing; C22; Q13.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14921

Ecology and Society

Toleubayev, Kazbek; Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Kazbek.Toleubayev@wur.nl; Jansen, Kees; Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Kees.Jansen@wur.nl; van Huis, Arnold; Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Arnold.vanHuis@wur.nl.

The inability to organize collective action for pest control can lead to severe problems. This paper focuses on the locust management system in Kazakhstan since the formation of the Soviet State. During the Transition Period after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Plant Protection Service disintegrated. The principles of central planning were replaced with individualistic approaches with little state involvement in pest control activities or pesticide regulation. The financial and ideological reasons for dismantling the existing pest control system did not recognize the potential impact that policy-induced changes in agro-ecological conditions and control practices would have on pest development. Nature hit back at the induced institutional change that...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis

Palavras-chave: Collective action; Institutional change; Kazakhstan; Knowledge; Land use; Locust; Plant protection; Public good; Soviet Union; Transition period..

Ano: 2007

Privatizing a State Farm in Kazakhstan

Garcia, Roberto J.; Silvis, Anne Heinze.

This dissolution of the Soviet Union served the state-directed linkages between state-owned farms and agribusiness enterprises ordered by the command economic system. Likewise, the dissolution disrupted marketing channels connecting the agricultural sector to a market economy those of other former republics. The transition to a market economy requires a transformation in the political and economic structures of state-owned farms and state-owned agribusiness enterprises. Directors of state-owned farms in Kazakhstan face major challenges. The primary consideration is how the farm should be organized after privatization, that is, whether the farm should be transformed into a cooperative, a joint stockholding company, or divided into several private,...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Former Soviet Union; Agricultural sector; Privatization; Market economy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90377

RISK IN AGRICULTURE AS IMPEDIMENT TO RURAL LENDING - THE CASE OF NORTH-WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN

Petrick, Martin; Ditges, C. Markus.

On the basis of portfolio selection theory, this paper finds that whole-farm risk must be regarded as a major reason for the low level of credit flow to agriculture in North-western Kazakhstan. A quadratic programming model was used in order (a) to demonstrate the comparatively high overall risk exposition of a typical farm, (b) to show that an inflow of working capital could contribute to risk reduction, and (c) to illustrate short-term risk management strategies. Although there may be a role for the government in reducing risk exposition of agriculture in its current form, natural and economic constraints suggest to pave the way for structural reforms that reduce the importance of agriculture in the rural economy. .

Spatial Price Transmission in Kazakh Wheat Markets

Palavras-chave: Agricultural credit; Kazakhstan; Portfolio selection theory; Risk programming; Agricultural Finance; Q14; G11; C61.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14939

Yakhshilikov, Yorbol; Brosig, Stephan.

Reliable marketing opportunities in both interregional and international trade are an important precondition for further development of the agricultural sector. In this study we assess interregional integration of Kazakh wheat markets. We apply asymmetric threshold error correction models to assess the co-movement of elevator prices at three grain-trading spots in the northern and central parts of the country. Results suggest that markets of two northern grain-trading spots (Petropavlovsk and Kokshetau) are closely connected with each other while their connection with Karaganda in central Kazakhstan is much weaker. Here, levelling out price gaps through arbitrage trade only occurs after a threshold of considerable extent has been surpassed.

Taxonomy and distribution of the Trifurcula (Glaucolepis) raikhonae group (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)

Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Price transmission; Threshold VECM; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; C22; Q13.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25690

Naturalis

Nieukerken, E.J. van; Purplesis, R..

Trifurcula (Glaucolepis) melanoptera sp. n. is described from southern Europe, where it is widespread. It is closely related to the Central Asian T. (Glaucolepis) raikhonae Puplesis, which is redescribed. Together they form the raikhonae species group. Sinopticula Yang is here synonymized with Glaucolepis Braun, its only species S. sinica Yang is tentatively regarded as closely related, if not conspecific with T. raikhonae. The distribution is mapped. On the basis of recent Chinese findings the larvae are assumed to be gall-makers on Prunus branches. Some phylogenetic and biogeographic remarks are given.

Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor

Palavras-chave: Lepidoptera; Trifurcula (Glaucolepis); Palaearctic region; Distribution & systematics; Invertebrates; Arthropods; Insects; Lepidopterans; Nepticulidae; Turkmenia; Afghanistan; Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Kirgistan; Tadzhikistan; China; Spain; France; Italy; Sardinia; Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; Croatia; Turkey; Ukraine; Crimea; Armenia; Turkmenia; Glaucolepis melanoptera; 42.75.

Ano: 1991

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/227699

THE CLUSTER-BASED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN KAZAKHSTAN’S AGRO-FOOD SECTOR: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT FROM AN "AUSTRIAN" PERSPECTIVE

Wandel, Jurgen.

This paper challenges the uselfullness of the cluster-based development strategy to diversify and increase the competitiveness of Kazakhstan’s economy, regarding the case of the country’s agro-food sector. For this it refers to insights of the Austrian Market Process Theory. It is argued that already the theoretical foundations of the cluster concept suffer from severe difficiencies, because it widely neglects the function of competition as a discovery procedure with alert entrepreuneurs as the driving force. Moreover, it ignores the knowledge requirements and limitations in a modern market economy for any outside third party to identify and promote successful industry structures. The closer examination of the implementation of the cluster development...